Decreased bone density - Endocrine Wellness Center

What is Decreased Bone Density?

Decreased bone density, also known as osteopenia, is a common condition where bones become thinner and weaker than they should be. This occurs when the body breaks down more bone tissue than it replaces, leading to decreased bone mineral density (BMD). This makes bones more fragile and prone to fractures, particularly in the hip, spine, and wrist.

What causes decreased bone density?

Several factors contribute to decreased bone density:

• Age: Bone remodeling slows with age, leading to natural bone density decline, especially in postmenopausal women.
• Hormonal changes: Reduced estrogen levels after menopause significantly increase risk, as can other hormonal conditions.
• Lifestyle: Sedentary lifestyles, insufficient calcium and vitamin D intake, smoking, and excessive alcohol use all increase risk.
• Medical conditions: Osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and hyperthyroidism can negatively impact bone health.
• Medications: Some medications, such as corticosteroids, can thin bones.

How is decreased bone density diagnosed?

Early-stage decreased bone density often has no symptoms. Fractures may be the first sign. Regular check-ups and screenings are crucial, especially as we age. A doctor can order a bone density test to accurately assess bone health.

What can be done about decreased bone density?

Maintaining bone health involves:

• Diet: A diet rich in calcium and vitamin D is essential. Good sources include leafy greens, dairy products (or fortified alternatives), and fatty fish. Vitamin D supplementation may be beneficial, particularly with limited sun exposure.
• Exercise: Regular weight-bearing exercise, such as walking, running, dancing, or weight training, stimulates bone growth and increases BMD.
• Lifestyle changes: Quitting smoking and moderating alcohol consumption are vital for bone health.

Is decreased bone density the same as osteoporosis?

Osteoporosis is a more severe form of decreased bone density, characterized by significantly weakened bones and a high fracture risk. Osteopenia is a less severe condition, indicating lower than normal bone density but not yet at the osteoporosis level. Osteopenia can be considered a warning sign for potential future osteoporosis.

In a nutshell: Decreased bone density is a condition best addressed early. A healthy lifestyle and regular medical checkups are key to maintaining strong, healthy bones throughout life. Consult your doctor for further information and guidance.